Protection of National Interests of the State as an Imperative of Geostrategy of Ukraine

Abstract

The article is devoted to the actual issues of determining the role of national interests in ensuring the economic security of the state. Established in the field of economic security, the priority national interest is the development of the national economy and the growth of the welfare of citizens. The researchers' views on the definition of the concept of «national interests» are researched and generalized that national interests are a systemic, synergetic concept that reflects the vital values of the Ukrainian people as the bearer of sovereignty and the sole source of power in Ukraine, the defining needs of society and the state, the realization of which guarantees state sovereignty of Ukraine and its progressive development. It is noted that national interests are realized through state interests, where the population of the country acts as the subject of interests, and the state through the state institutions implements and protects these interests. The main components of national interests include the provision of military-political sovereignty, economic well-being and cultural needs of the population. The military-political, socio-economic situation in Ukraine and the impact of globalization processes have made it possible to formulate a number of national interests, including: protection of state sovereignty; ensuring economic stability through self-sufficiency, stability and competitiveness of the national economy; polyvectorality of the country's foreign policy and the establishment of Ukraine as a reliable international partner; creation of conditions for the development of the spirituality of the population, improvement of the physical health of the nation; preservation of intellectual and scientific potential of the country, regulation of the issue of youth mobility.

It has been proved that democratization processes require the involvement of citizens and civil society institutions in this process in order to form national interests through the maximum coverage of all spheres of society's life for the protection of human rights and citizen and acceleration of socio-economic development and modernization of the national economy. The most acute threats to national interests in the field of national and economic security are formulated. It is summarized that in the field of economic security, national interests reflect the vector of economic development of the state, its aspirations for economic independence and the effective use of economic benefits.