To the Question of Easement Objects
Abstract
An easement under civil law is the right to use the property of others to meet the needs of others who cannot be otherwise satisfied. The legislator very briefly lists the objects of the easement and allocates positions for them in different norms. The necessity to study easement objects, among which land, their parts, other natural resources, and other real estate is justified. Issues of «other natural resources» in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine, which include water bodies, forests, flora and fauna, subsoil, are investigated. Water bodies can be transferred not only for use, but also for the property of participants of civil legal relations, and, accordingly, the owners can transfer them on the right of easement to other persons. Attention is drawn to the fact that land easements may well include an easement for the purpose of hunting and fishing. The practical necessity of using the subsoil that arises in the participants of civil legal relations, requires the regulation of this kind of easement relations at the legislative level. Ownership of an unfinished construction object is, by law, subject to state registration in the order inserted for state registration of real property rights and is immovable property, and therefore may be an object of easement. Property complexes occupy a special place in the system of civil rights objects. Although the company includes not only immovable, but also movable ones, as well as the right to trademarks and other designations, this property complex is recognized as real estate and may also be object to easement. Attention is drawn to the need of systematization of the rules regarding the objects of the easement and to amend the existing legislation accordingly.
References
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (2003) Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy vid 16.01.2003 r. № 435–IV. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 40–44, 356.
Dovhert, A. S., & Kuznietsova, N. S. (eds.) (2005) Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy. Postateinyi komentar u dvokh chastynakh. Yustinian, Ch. 1, 680 p.
(2006) Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy: Naukovo-praktychnyi komentar. 3 ed. Odissei, 1200 p.
Novickij, I. S., & Pereterskij I. B. (eds.) (1948) Rimskoe chastnoe pravo. Yurid. izd-vo M-va yusticii SSSR, 1948. 584 s.
Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy (2003) Natsionalnyi standart № 1 «Zahalni zasady otsinky maina i mainovykh prav» : zatv. postanovoiu Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 10.09.2003 r. № 1440. Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy, 37, 1995.
Dubonosova, A. S. (2009) Pravove rehuliuvannia obiekta opodatkuvannia : avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk : 12.00.07. Kharkiv, 20 p.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (2002) Zemelnyi kodeks Ukrainy vid 25.10.2001 r. № 2768–III. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 3–4, 27.
Nosik, V. V. (2006) Pravo vlasnosti na zemliu Ukrainskoho narodu. Yurinkom Inter, 544 p.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (2003) Pro zemleustrii : Zakon Ukrainy vid 22.05.2003 r. № 858–IV. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 36, 282.
Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy (2016) Poriadok derzhavnoi reiestratsii rechovykh prav na nerukhome maino ta yikh obtiazhen : zatv. postanovoiu Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 25.12.2015 r. № 1127. Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy, 2, 108.
Miroshnychenko, A. M., & Marusenko R. I. (2019) Komentar do Zemelnoho kodeksu Ukrainy. Narodnyj pravovoj portal «Yuriskonsult». https://bit.ly/2MIhodm.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (1995) Vodnyi kodeks Ukrainy vid 06.06.1995 r. № 213/95–VR. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 24, 189.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (2003) Pro osobyste selianske hospodarstvo : Zakon Ukrainy vid 15.05.2003 r. № 742–IV. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 29, 232.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (2003) Hospodarskyi kodeks Ukrainy vid 16.01.2003 r. № 436–IV. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 18, 144.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (1994) Lisovyi kodeks Ukrainy vid 21.01.2004 r. № 3852–XII. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 17, 99.
Yurchyshyn, N. H. (2015) Yurydychna pryroda lisovoho servitutu. Prykarpatskyi yurydychnyi visnyk, 2, 76–78.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (1999) Pro roslynnyi svit : Zakon Ukrainy vid 09.04.1999 r. № 591–XIV. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 22, 198.
Sokolova, A. K. (2009) Pro pravo na obiekty roslynnoho svitu. Problemy zakonnosti, 104, 116–122.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (2002) Pro tvarynnyi svit : Zakon Ukrainy vid 13.12.2001 r. № 2894–III. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 14, 97.
Kabinet Ministriv Ukrainy (2001) Poriadok provedennia uporiadkuvannia myslyvskykh uhid : zatv. nakazom Derzhkomlishospu Ukrainy vid 21.06.2001 r. № 56. Ofitsiinyi visnyk Ukrainy, 36, 1677.
Semkiv, V. V. (2013) Dohovory u sferi vykorystannia pryrodnykh resursiv: tsyvilno-pravovyi aspekt : avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk : 12.00.03. Kyiv, 20 p.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (1994) Kodeks Ukrainy pro nadra vid 27.07.1994 r. № 132/94–VR. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 36, 340.
Razmietaiev, S., & Bilovus R. (2017) Mekhanizm pravovoho rehuliuvannia poriadku zdiisnennia zahalnoho korystuvannia nadramy. Pidpryiemnytstvo, hospodarstvo i pravo, 6, 88–90.
Bilovus, R. V. (2017) Pravove rehuliuvannia zahalnoho korystuvannia nadramy : dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk : 12.00.06. Kharkiv. 231 p.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (2006) Proekt Kodeksu Ukrainy pro nadra : Proekt Zakonu Ukrainy № 9013 vid 31.01.2006 r. Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy. https://bit.ly/2ZHE1Fb.
Kobetska, N. R. (2012) Osoblyvosti prav na pryrodni resursy. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats vykladachiv yurydychnoho instytutu, prysviachenyi 20-richchiu stvorennia yurydychnoho instytutu, pp. 100–109.
Anisimova, H. V. (2017) Deiaki teoretyko-prykladni aspekty zabezpechennia prava zahalnoho pryrodokorystuvannia v Ukraini. Teoriia i praktyka pravoznavstva, 2 (12). https://bit.ly/2ZzEHrI.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (2003) Pro ipoteku : Zakon Ukrainy vid 05.06.2003 r. № 898–IV. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 38, 313.
Verkhovnyi Sud Ukrainy (2019) Uzahalnennia Verkhovnoho Sudu Ukrainy «Analiz deiakykh pytan zastosuvannia sudamy zakonodavstva pro pravo vlasnosti pry rozghliadi tsyvilnykh sprav». https://bit.ly/347LInf.
Puchkovskaya, I. I. (1997) Ipoteka: Zalog nedvizhimosti. Konsum, 132 p.
Chuieva O. (2006) Mirkuvannia na temu: «Obiekt nezavershenoho budivnytstva — yak vyrishyty problemu». Mala entsyklopediia notariusa, 2, 26–28.
Savchenko, A. (2014) Moment vyznannia obiekta budivnytstva nezavershenym i stupin yoho budivelnoi hotovnosti v konteksti derzhavnoi reiestratsii prav na noho: notarialnyi aspekt. Yurydychnyi radnyk, 5 (77). https://bit.ly/2ZsXkSt.
Kyryliuk, D. V. (2015) Tsyvilno-pravove rehuliuvannia ipoteky nezavershenoho budivnytstva : avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk : 12.00.03. Kyiv, 20 p.
Kryvenko, P. V., & Bratko O. A. (2014) Budivelni materialy i vyroby. Entsyklopediia suchasnoi Ukrainy. https://bit.ly/2NA0RYN.
Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy (2004) Pro derzhavnu reiestratsiiu rechovykh prav na nerukhome maino ta yikh obtiazhen : Zakon Ukrainy vid 01.07.2004 r. № 1952–IV. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 51, 553.
Moroz, M. V. (2015) Nerukhomist yak obiekt rechovoho prava na chuzhe nerukhome maino. Porivnialno-analitychne pravo, 4, 126–128.
Khodyko, Yu. Ye. (2011) Obiekt ipotechnoho pravovidnoshennia : avtoref. dys. … kand. yuryd. nauk : 12.00.03. Kharkiv, 20 p.
Kizlova, O. S. (2007) Ipoteka YeMK za zakonodavstvom Ukrainy. Aktualni problemy derzhavy i prava, 33, 157–163. https://bit.ly/2ZCDFzi.
Kravchenko, A. V., & Zelenkova I. I. (2012) Problemni pytannia vyznachennia ta tsyvilnoho oborotu tsilisnoho mainovoho kompleksu yak obiekta nerukhomosti. Advokat, 10 (145), 39–41.
