Tax Systems Of Ukraine And The USA: Evolution Of Approaches To Buildings And Reforms

Abstract

The scientific article summarizes scientific approaches to building and reforming the tax systems of Ukraine and the United States. The reform of the tax system of Ukraine after gaining political independence is analyzed. The reasons for rethinking the theoretical achievements of Western scientific thought in taxation and studying the experience of building tax systems in the USA are identified. The approaches to tax legislation reform in Ukraine and the USA are described. Attention is focused on the normative sequence of development in both countries of individual regulatory legal acts, which were later integrated into a codified document. The similarity of approaches to regulatory work in adopting and amending tax codes in the two countries is emphasized. It has been proven that the assessment of tax reforms carried out must be approached carefully their consistency and continuity must be ensured, and factors that influence the reform process must be taken into account. The tax reform carried out in Ukraine in late 2014 — early 2015 is characterized by the need to complete fiscal decentralization. Its main shortcomings are identified when combining individual taxes with different objects of taxation and individual payments under one name as a prototype of the physiocrat theory. It is emphasized that the practice of tax pooling was used in the USA as early as the first half of the 19th century and had consequences for local budgets. It is argued that in the conditions of Ukraine, preference should be given to modern economic theories, to adhere to the consistency and continuity of tax reforms as in the USA, without diminishing one’s achievements. A difference was identified in the application of tax benefits as optional elements of taxes in the domestic tax system and their systematic use in the USA for innovation and investment stimulation. It is summarized that for economic activity in reforming the tax system of Ukraine during the Russian-Ukrainian war, a symbiosis of military and commercial Keynesianism was used, and the effectiveness of the Keynesian concept was confirmed.