Features of Determining the Beginning of the Limitation Period
Abstract
The article defines the features of calculating the limitation period, describes the rules and criteria for determining the beginning of the limitation period. The objective and subjective criterions of beginning of motion of this term are distinguished. On an objective criterion the beginning of term of limitation period begins from the moment of violation of right and interest of person. A subjective criterion marks a moment, when a person knew or could know about violation of the right or person of violator. In this case, the real possibility of such awareness is important, not actual. For legal entities, the subjective criterion is realized through the officials (authorized) of its persons or persons within the organ to which the functions assigned to them are exercised. It is determined that the calculation of the commencement of the limitation period for legal entities does not depend on the change of its authorized persons.
The correctness of the calculation of the limitation period from the day after the calendar date in which the offense occurred, which meets the general rules for the calculation of terms and deadlines, is substantiated. It is stated that on the last day of fulfilment of the obligation the person has the right to fulfil it by the end of the day. At the same time, the procedure of applying to the court for technical reasons cannot always be implemented on the day the claim arises, since it requires the preparation of a procedural document — a statement of claim.
The features of calculation of term of limitation period are certain for credit obligations and obligations of minor persons.
It is concluded that in credit obligations, the limitation period should be calculated from the moment of default, not its parts, that is, the day after the contract expires. However, if the creditor files a claim for full early repayment of the debt, the limitation period should be calculated from the next day after the claim is made.
For minors, it is reasonable to calculate the limitation period from the moment of its acquisition or granting them full civil capability
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