Comparative Legal Analysis of the Forests Legal Protection in Ukraine, Poland and Germany

Keywords: forest fund, forest protection, forest inventory, state environmental policy, legislative support, international experience, electronic forest sales auctions, management of forest resources, financing of the forest industry

Abstract

The article examines the international legal experience of forest protection in the leading countries of the European Union, namely in Poland and Germany. The author analyzes the ecological status of forest resources in Ukraine, Poland and Germany. Legislative support for the legal protection of forests and the legal mechanism for the implementation of these relationships in Poland, Germany and Ukraine are investigated. The article identifies the main problems in ensuring the legal protection of the forest fund in our country and proposes to reform the forest industry in the aspect of management, control, felling and sale of forest timber with the borrowing of international experience, which has become effective in European countries. In addition, the legal gaps in the conduct of the state environmental policy of Ukraine in the field of forest resources are studied and the inability of state financing of this sector of economy by our state is determined. The article proposes at the legislative level to develop and approve a single strategy for the development of the forest industry and its protection in Ukraine. It is also proposed to approve a state-level plan for deforestation and their conservation and restoration, to set up an open electronic auction of timber sales, which will reduce corruption, and to establish an independent financing system operating in Poland. The scientific work emphasizes the need for forest inventory and development of the state legal mechanism for implementing this issue, as known as forest land is in public and private property and no data about their environmental condition. The author also proposes to draw on the foreign experience from the developed countries of the European Union: Poland and Germany for the successful conduct of such legal procedure in Ukraine.

References

Pro osnovni napriamky derzhavnoi polityky Ukrainy u haluzi okhorony dovkillia, vykorystannia pryrodnykh resursiv ta zabezpechennia ekolohichnoi bezpeky : postanova Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy vid 05.03.1998 r. № 188/98–VR. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/2Zx2ziJ.

Nepyivoda, V. (2004) Pravove rehuliuvannia v haluzi lisiv: Doba utverdzhennia pidtrymnoho rozvytku. Kyiv, NDI pryvatnoho prava i pidpryiemnytstva.

Pro pryrodno-zapovidnyi fond Ukrainy : Zakon Ukrainy vid 16.06.1992 r. № 2456–XII. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/3kdNPND.

Pro tvarynnyi svit : Zakon Ukrainy vid 13.12.2001 r. № 2894–III. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/3ipOV8A.

Pro roslynnyi svit : Zakon Ukrainy vid 09.04.1999 r. № 591–XIV. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/2RjkwwE.

Pro Chervonu knyhu Ukrainy : Zakon Ukrainy vid 07.02.2002 r. № 3055–III. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/33jXBXE.

Pro Zahalnoderzhavnu prohramu formuvannia natsionalnoi ekolohichnoi merezhi Ukrainy na 2000–2015 rik : Zakon Ukrainy vid 21.09.2000 r. № 1989–III. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/35vam4f.

Pro ekolohichnu merezhu Ukrainy : Zakon Ukrainy vid 02.06.2004 r. № 1864–IV. Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/2GPEqxe.

Polozhennia pro Zelenu knyhu Ukrainy : postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 29.08.2002 r. № 1286. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/2FtKmvo.

Lisovyi kodeks Ukrainy vid 01.01.2004 r. № 3852–XII. (2004) Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy, 17, 99.

Pro skhvalennia kontseptsii natsionalnoi ekolohichnoi polityky Ukrainy na period do 2020 roku : rozporiadzhennia Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 17.10.2007 r. № 880–r. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/3hkDU76.

Pro dodatkovi zakhody shchodo rozvytku lisovoho hospodarstva, ratsionalnoho pryrodokorystuvannia ta zberezhennia obiektiv pryrodno-zapovidnoho fondu : Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 21.11.2017 r. № 381. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/2FhQqHH.

Pro deiaki zakhody shchodo zberezhennia lisiv ta ratsionalnoho vykorystannia lisovykh resursiv : Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 09.07.2019 r. № 511. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/2GR8Mzn.

Pro Osnovni zasady (stratehiiu) derzhavnoi ekolohichnoi polityky Ukrainy na period do 2030 roku : Zakon Ukrainy vid 28.02.2019 r. № 2697–VIII. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/3hkDWfe.

Kahalo, O., Cherniavskyi, M., Protsenko, L., Andrieieva, O. (2016) Udoskonalennia normatyvnoi bazy rehuliuvannia vedennia lisovoho hospodarstva na terytoriiakh pryrodo-zapovidnoho fondu Ukrainy ta vidpovidnyi mizhnarodnyi dosvid. Kyiv.

Bazovyi zvit z lisovoho hospodarstva v Nimechchyni z rekomendatsiiamy dlia Ukrainy. Vidkrytyi lis. K., 2018. Retrieved from : https://bit.ly/2RmF3R0.

Karabchuk, D., Kahalo, O. (2016) Ukrainski lisivnyky oznaiomylysia iz polskym lisovym hospodarstvom. Kyiv. Retrieved from : https://bit.ly/3mgNCuT.

Publichnyi zvit Derzhavnoho ahentstva lisovykh resursiv Ukrainy za 2019 rik. Derzhavne ahentstvo lisovykh resursiv Ukrainy. (2020) Retrieved from : https://bit.ly/3huewvA.

Lisozakhyst po-polsky. Vidkrytyi lis. (2019) Retrieved from : https://bit.ly/3hqsCyd.

Pro zatverdzhennia Sanitarnykh pravyl v lisakh Ukrainy : postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 27.07.1995 r. № 555. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/2GWMJrf.

Pro zatverdzhennia Pravyl vidtvorennia lisiv : postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 01.03.2007 r. № 303. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/32nqzqn.

Pro zatverdzhennia Derzhavnoi tsilovoi prohramy «Lisy Ukrainy» na 2010–2015 roky : postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 02.11.2012 r. № 977. (n.d.) Retrieved from Verkhovna Rada Ukrainy : https://bit.ly/3mb87Jk.

Bondar, V. (2019) Ukraina maie shans stvoryty pryntsypovo novyi lisovyi sektor. Derzhavne ahentstvo lisovykh resursiv Ukrainy. Retrieved from : https://bit.ly/35A8p6G.

Published
2020-02-25
Section
Land Law; Agricultural Law; Environmental Law; Natural Resources Law